Log In | Customer Support
Home Book Travel Destinations Hotels Cruises Air Travel Community Search:

Search

Search CruisePage

Book a Cruise
- CruiseServer
- Search Caribbean
- Search Alaska
- Search Europe
- 888.700.TRIP

Book Online
Cruise
Air
Hotel
Car
Cruising Area:

Departure Date:
Cruise Length:

Price Range:

Cruise Line:

Buy Stuff

Reviews
- Ship Reviews
- Dream Cruise
- Ship of the Month
- Reader Reviews
- Submit a Review
- Millennium Cruise

Community
- Photo Gallery
- Join Cruise Club
- Cruise News
- Cruise News Archive
- Cruise Views
- Cruise Jobs
- Special Needs
- Maritime Q & A
- Sea Stories

Industry
- New Ship Guide
- Former Ships
- Port Information
- Inspection Scores
- Shipyards
- Ship Cams
- Ship Tracking
- Freighter Travel
- Man Overboard List
- Potpourri

Shopping
- Shirts & Hats
- Books
- Videos

Contact Us
- Reservations
- Mail
- Feedback
- Suggest-a-Site
- About Us

Reader Sites
- PamM's Site
- Ernst's Site
- Patsy's Site
- Ben's Site
- Carlos' Site
- Chris' Site
- SRead's Site


Cruise Travel - Cruise Talk
Cruise Talk Cruise News

Welcome to Cruise Talk the Internet's most popular discussion forum dedicated to cruising. Stop by Cruise Talk anytime to post a message or find out what your fellow passengers and industry insiders are saying about a particular ship, cruise line or destination.

>>> Reader Reviews
>>> CruisePage.com Photo Gallery
>>> Join Our Cruise Club.

Latest News...Queen Anne, the 249th ship to sail under the Cunard flag, set sail just after 9 pm local time as thousands of spectators gathered on the shores to watch the departure from vantage points across the city and along Southampton water. Guests on board the 3,000-guest, 113,000-ton ship are set to enjoy a spectacular sail away party, with celebrations continuing throughout...

Latest News...Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd. today reported financial results for the first quarter ended March 31, 2024 and provided guidance for the second quarter and full year 2024. First Quarter 2024 Highlights: Generated total revenue of $2.2 billion, a 20% increase compared to the same period in 2023 on 8% capacity growth, with GAAP net income of $17.4 million, or EPS of $0.04...

Latest News...The countdown is on for the next big thing coming to vacations, the ultimate short getaway: Royal Caribbean International’s Utopia of the Seas is almost ready for its debut. Starting today, the next in the lineup of game-changing Oasis Class ships is making its way to the open ocean for the first time to begin five days of testing....

More Cruise News...


Post New Topic  Post A Reply
my profile | register | search | faq | forum home
  next oldest topic   next newest topic
» Cruise Talk   » Cruise Ships   » Fire on STAR PRINCESS (Page 8)

UBBFriend: Email this page to someone!  
This topic is comprised of pages:  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9  10 
 
Author Topic: Fire on STAR PRINCESS
Ernst
First Class Passenger
Member # 5369

posted 04-06-2006 01:47 PM      Profile for Ernst   Author's Homepage   Email Ernst   Send New Private Message      Edit/Delete Post  Reply With Quote 
Many old ships actually burned quite heftily - in most cases the ship was a complete loss. (compared to the number of ships existing there were actually more fires in the past)
A reason why not so many old ships burned recently might be that they are not around anymore.

Sorry, but it is just a fact that "older" ships are less safe. Personally my heart is split - I would like to see some of the older vessels to be around (or stay in service) - but on the other hand I know that this often involves risks which can be avoided today - and we do not talk about 'details' but major differences here.


Posts: 9746 | From: Eindhoven | Registered: Jan 2005  |  IP: Logged
J.S.S.Normandie
First Class Passenger
Member # 6253

posted 04-06-2006 01:57 PM      Profile for J.S.S.Normandie     Send New Private Message      Edit/Delete Post  Reply With Quote 
Older ships may be less safe sometimes, but as Star Princess proved, new ships are not always safe.
Risk or no risk, I hope older ships stay in service. But I would like thier fire systems to be upgraded.

The fact still remains, new ships can be just as dangerous as old ones. Watch The Towering Inferno, one of my favorite movies, and you'll know why.


Posts: 1197 | From: Massachusetts where the Brittania was trapped! | Registered: Feb 2006  |  IP: Logged
Ernst
First Class Passenger
Member # 5369

posted 04-06-2006 02:10 PM      Profile for Ernst   Author's Homepage   Email Ernst   Send New Private Message      Edit/Delete Post  Reply With Quote 
This is not true.

Nobody said that new ships are 100% safer - there is nothing which is 100 % safe!
Just because a modern ships burns (I am a bit surprised to see so many people being surprised about that) is no contradiction to the fact that modern ships are safer.

Of course it is difficult to compare the "safety" of a ship - modern ships have features old ships did not have and the other way around. Also, a different technical solutions might be an advantage in many situations - but could still be a disadvantage in some situations.

But still: Modern ships are generally much safer. Actually it seems as the Star Princess did not behave too bad (only a careful analysis will show whether this is true - I do not have any informations) - I am also concerned about the fact that the fire spread via the balconies - but finally it has been contained and there was 'only' one fatality.

Compare that to the Achille Lauro or the Galileo Galilei (different scenarios, of course) - both actually sank due to a fire! (...and this was more recently BTW...)

[ 04-06-2006: Message edited by: Ernst ]


Posts: 9746 | From: Eindhoven | Registered: Jan 2005  |  IP: Logged
lasuvidaboy
First Class Passenger
Member # 4527

posted 04-06-2006 02:40 PM      Profile for lasuvidaboy     Send New Private Message      Edit/Delete Post  Reply With Quote 
Providing the ship (old or new) has an aggressive fire sprinkler system, fire doors etc. they are safe. After the horrible 1980 Las Vegas Hilton fire, all existing large hotels in the States were required to be retrofitted w/fire sprinklers. Since the retrofitting was completed, there has been not been any large deadly hotel fires in the States. IMO SOLAS 2010 goes overboard (no pun intended) in overregulating passenger ships. The older possibly more combustible ships may burn fast (unless there are effective sprinklers) but the new ones will burn as well if the conditions are right.
Posts: 7654 | From: Hollywood Hills/L.A. | Registered: Mar 2004  |  IP: Logged
Ernst
First Class Passenger
Member # 5369

posted 04-06-2006 02:45 PM      Profile for Ernst   Author's Homepage   Email Ernst   Send New Private Message      Edit/Delete Post  Reply With Quote 
Sprinklers DO NOT compensate for reducing the fireload - not to talk about the hazards cuased by smoke.
Also, sprinklers are not suitable for every room.

Posts: 9746 | From: Eindhoven | Registered: Jan 2005  |  IP: Logged
lasuvidaboy
First Class Passenger
Member # 4527

posted 04-06-2006 05:35 PM      Profile for lasuvidaboy     Send New Private Message      Edit/Delete Post  Reply With Quote 
quote:
Originally posted by Ernst:
Sprinklers DO NOT compensate for reducing the fireload - not to talk about the hazards cuased by smoke.
Also, sprinklers are not suitable for every room.

So I have a question. What is the biggest problem w/ships that do not comply w/SOLAS 2010?? I understand that QE2 can comply w/expensive modifications but other 1960s ships cannot. I have read that the 1951 built Independence could comply w/SOLAS 2010. On many ships, the decorative woodwork is a big issue but fire sprinklers can take care of that in passenger spaces. Fire treated soft furnishings and carpets will also reduce some of the problems w/poisonous smoke etc. A big problem I see w/newbuilds is all the plastics used on board. As w/commercial aircraft interiors today, that plastic and fabric will kill when it burns and releases huge amounts of smoke.


Posts: 7654 | From: Hollywood Hills/L.A. | Registered: Mar 2004  |  IP: Logged
PamM
First Class Passenger
Member # 2127

posted 04-06-2006 05:52 PM      Profile for PamM   Author's Homepage     Send New Private Message      Edit/Delete Post  Reply With Quote 
I am also It is obviously easier for a fire to start with the real wood of yesteryear... but when alight, it burns slower than today's 'fire retardent' materials [which seem to go woof, once they do catch alight], and the fumes are not poisonous as in most of today's materials.. so which is better?

Wood seems to burn slower... as one is usually only aware once something is alight then I think I would rather have the real wood burning.. crumbs it is sometimes hard enough to light the BBQ!!

Ernst mentions the ventilation.. surely this could be catered for on the older vessels? ... but I would think the sealing off and oxygen starvation of areas would be better?

Obviously I know nothing about the actual real facts of which is better/worse as a layman, but I am still not convinced of modern day fire retardent materials being the better option. I would rather see a slower burning fire, that may be easier to set alight, that doesn't give off poisonous fumes, than have to run from an obnoxious/deadly already alight plastic based fire?

I have read that the P Star fire was fed by the flammable exterior paint... is this plausible?

Pam


Posts: 12176 | From: Cambridge, UK | Registered: Jun 2001  |  IP: Logged
Ernst
First Class Passenger
Member # 5369

posted 04-06-2006 05:57 PM      Profile for Ernst   Author's Homepage   Email Ernst   Send New Private Message      Edit/Delete Post  Reply With Quote 
Again - the fireload - you want to have it as small as possible - and the fumes - also, plastic is not plastic.
Just try to figure out how much smoke you can get out of how much solid material - you will notice that it does not require to burn a lot of material to fill up an enourmouse volume - and some material produce fumes which are so toxic that one breath is enough to imobilize you!

Again: Sprinkler do not compensate for having more combustible material (maybe some regulations allow that) and of course it is better to have both -sprinkler and less combustible material.

The deficits concerning fire safety for sure vary a lot from ship - I guess another issue with old ships beside materials is the lack of proper ventilation systems.


Posts: 9746 | From: Eindhoven | Registered: Jan 2005  |  IP: Logged
Ernst
First Class Passenger
Member # 5369

posted 04-06-2006 06:12 PM      Profile for Ernst   Author's Homepage   Email Ernst   Send New Private Message      Edit/Delete Post  Reply With Quote 
quote:
Originally posted by PamM:
I am also It is obviously easier for a fire to start with the real wood of yesteryear... but when alight, it burns slower than today's 'fire retardent' materials [which seem to go woof, once they do catch alight], and the fumes are not poisonous as in most of today's materials.. so which is better?

Wood seems to burn slower... as one is usually only aware once something is alight then I think I would rather have the real wood burning.. crumbs it is sometimes hard enough to light the BBQ!!

Ernst mentions the ventilation.. surely this could be catered for on the older vessels? ... but I would think the sealing off and oxygen starvation of areas would be better?

Obviously I know nothing about the actual real facts of which is better/worse as a layman, but I am still not convinced of modern day fire retardent materials being the better option. I would rather see a slower burning fire, that may be easier to set alight, that doesn't give off poisonous fumes, than have to run from an obnoxious/deadly already alight plastic based fire?

I have read that the P Star fire was fed by the flammable exterior paint... is this plausible?

Pam


Wood is not bad - actually it behaves very nice in case of a fire! The fumes are less toxic (difficult to generalize- they are still toxic - CO!) and other than e.g. metal it does not loss it`s strength that quickly (the burnt outer layer can protect e.g. a beam from buring furhter) - but it is a different story in a 'confined space' like a ship and the nice feature of wood to keep it`s strength (under certain circumstances) is not really relevant on a ship made of metal......
Beside that: IT IS NOT ONLY THE WOOD WHICH IS A PROBLEM ON MANY OLDER SHIPS!


ad ventilation: The prime strategy to extinguish a fire on a ship is to isolate it - no oxygen no fire. BUT you have to get people out first - and they need air to breath! This is why it is crucial to remove the smoke - smoke is toxic - also, it is hot and might ignite other things (not only by 'touching' them - the infrared emission can be enough!) - and it can contain a lot of not completely burnt gases which can 'explode' when coming into contact with oxygen. (this often happens when the fire has not enough oxygen - there is no 'complete combustion' and when people open a door or a window the smoke starts to burn or 'explodes' - this are not the proper technical terms!)

ad paint: If this is true someone made a big mistake -

I am not happy about anything I see aboard ships - but I am not an expert on ship related fire safety - I 'only' have some background concerning fire safety in connection with my job.

Nevertheless, I guess it was the smoke which - at least initally - brought the fire to the balconies on Star Princess.

[ 04-06-2006: Message edited by: Ernst ]


Posts: 9746 | From: Eindhoven | Registered: Jan 2005  |  IP: Logged
Frosty 4
First Class Passenger
Member # 5826

posted 04-06-2006 06:29 PM      Profile for Frosty 4   Email Frosty 4   Send New Private Message      Edit/Delete Post  Reply With Quote 
As most ships have sprinkler systems which can be effective on some materials, I would think Haleon(spelling) is a better choice as it snuffs out the fire with out the danger of the CO2 types which block out O2 . CO2 can kill you too if you flood a compartment with it. Haleon is more expensive however.
Frosty 4

Posts: 2531 | From: Illinois | Registered: Jul 2005  |  IP: Logged
J.S.S.Normandie
First Class Passenger
Member # 6253

posted 04-06-2006 07:37 PM      Profile for J.S.S.Normandie     Send New Private Message      Edit/Delete Post  Reply With Quote 
Well, I'll choose an old ship anyday. They were built to be individual and with top class matierials. Also, the stuff back then wasn't all this new wierd stuff that no one could identify. And it wouldn't be as toxic when it burnt. However, I do think older ships should be upgraded, the fire systems can breakdown and be outdated.

P.S. Still watch the movie it's good.


Posts: 1197 | From: Massachusetts where the Brittania was trapped! | Registered: Feb 2006  |  IP: Logged
Ernst
First Class Passenger
Member # 5369

posted 04-06-2006 09:00 PM      Profile for Ernst   Author's Homepage   Email Ernst   Send New Private Message      Edit/Delete Post  Reply With Quote 
Actually, a lot of this 'old stuff' is quite toxic - compared to materials which are allowed today.
Posts: 9746 | From: Eindhoven | Registered: Jan 2005  |  IP: Logged
J.S.S.Normandie
First Class Passenger
Member # 6253

posted 04-07-2006 09:15 AM      Profile for J.S.S.Normandie     Send New Private Message      Edit/Delete Post  Reply With Quote 
Well Ernst, you cruise in your nice plastic clad stateroom, an me in my wood and asbestos one.
Posts: 1197 | From: Massachusetts where the Brittania was trapped! | Registered: Feb 2006  |  IP: Logged
Ernst
First Class Passenger
Member # 5369

posted 04-07-2006 09:29 AM      Profile for Ernst   Author's Homepage   Email Ernst   Send New Private Message      Edit/Delete Post  Reply With Quote 
There are two sides - e.g. the Sea Cloud has actually quite a lot of wood - also on the outside....
Posts: 9746 | From: Eindhoven | Registered: Jan 2005  |  IP: Logged
Gerry
First Class Passenger
Member # 168

posted 04-07-2006 09:35 AM      Profile for Gerry     Send New Private Message      Edit/Delete Post  Reply With Quote 
The other thing that hasn't been mentioned is that of escape routes now being planned into a ship. There are now no dead ends allowed (after the Scandinavian Star fire). Take a look around the next time you are on a modern cruise ship. There is no place in an alleyway anywhere that you could wander into that you will be trapped in without an alternate exit. It takes a great deal of planning in the design stage. This is not the case in older ships where you might find yourself in a dead end corridor with no exit. There are low level lighting systems to guide you to the exits and there are the programmed ventilation systems I mentioned earlier. Older ships do not have any of this.
Posts: 315 | From: Miami, Florida, (originally from UK) | Registered: Jun 99  |  IP: Logged
J.S.S.Normandie
First Class Passenger
Member # 6253

posted 04-07-2006 09:39 AM      Profile for J.S.S.Normandie     Send New Private Message      Edit/Delete Post  Reply With Quote 
Sorry, but I'd rather find myself in a nice wood clad dead ended ship than in some white plastic corridor where oops the builders made a mistake.

What's going to happen to Sea Cloud with Solas 2010? She's not exactly a cruise ship, but she definately can't handle the new regulations.


Posts: 1197 | From: Massachusetts where the Brittania was trapped! | Registered: Feb 2006  |  IP: Logged
Ernst
First Class Passenger
Member # 5369

posted 04-07-2006 10:13 AM      Profile for Ernst   Author's Homepage   Email Ernst   Send New Private Message      Edit/Delete Post  Reply With Quote 
Sea Cloud is already limited in her itinerary - she has to avoid some countries. There are many rumours concerning 2010 - nothing really confirmed - tough it seems as if there are possibilities to continue her operation.
Posts: 9746 | From: Eindhoven | Registered: Jan 2005  |  IP: Logged
andyc
First Class Passenger
Member # 5235

posted 04-07-2006 12:44 PM      Profile for andyc   Author's Homepage     Send New Private Message      Edit/Delete Post  Reply With Quote 
quote:
Originally posted by J.S.S.Normandie:
as Star Princess proved, new ships are not always safe.

On the contrary, Star Princess has proved just how safe new ships truly are.

A fire this size, with no deaths from smoke inhalation or the effects of fire, shows the value of good design and good safety training and procedures.

It is extremely sad that anyone lost their life, but a with a weak heart, a cardiac related death can be a matter of time, and stress from a delayed flight, running for a connection, exertions on a shore excursion or even too much dancing are all things that could, in other circumstances, trigger a heart attack.

My sympathy is with the family of the deceased, but I also have to congratulate the crew, in carrying out their emergency drills professionally, and the ships' designers in taking safety precautions.

I have a concern that the overlapping balconies, peculiar to this class of ship, could form a "wind tunnel" effect, and increase the amount of airflow fanning a balcony fire.

I can also see this incident holding lessons that will be taken into account on future designs. Perhaps balcony doors that cannot be left open, and certainly balcony sprinklers are two, but I can also imagine a return to the "hole in the wall" type of balcony design (like on Princess@ 77,000 ton vessels), which would be a shame on aesthetic grounds.

I sailed on Star Princess last October, and on that cruise I found that the crew seemed much better than on other Princess ships that I have travelled on. I will be on her again in January 2007.


Posts: 119 | From: Southport UK | Registered: Dec 2004  |  IP: Logged
J.S.S.Normandie
First Class Passenger
Member # 6253

posted 04-07-2006 01:21 PM      Profile for J.S.S.Normandie     Send New Private Message      Edit/Delete Post  Reply With Quote 
In all fairness, Star Princess did do very well. A fire of that size usually destroys ships. And as for the person who died, there was a story on tv last night about someone with a weak heart dying from hearing an alarm clock. The shock killed her I guess, so it really wasn't completely fom the fire that that person died.
Posts: 1197 | From: Massachusetts where the Brittania was trapped! | Registered: Feb 2006  |  IP: Logged
lasuvidaboy
First Class Passenger
Member # 4527

posted 04-07-2006 05:01 PM      Profile for lasuvidaboy     Send New Private Message      Edit/Delete Post  Reply With Quote 
quote:
Originally posted by andyc:

I can also imagine a return to the "hole in the wall" type of balcony design (like on Princess@ 77,000 ton vessels), which would be a shame on aesthetic grounds.



I actually prefer that style of veranda-from the exterior at least. As seen on the original Crown and Regal Princess and later on P&O's Oriana/Aurora, I think they are quite attractive. The 1st Voyager class ships verandahs also had a more enclosed look w/out the glass rails. The view from the interior may not be as good but the exterior of the ship does not look as much like a floating apartment building.


Posts: 7654 | From: Hollywood Hills/L.A. | Registered: Mar 2004  |  IP: Logged
mrblanche
First Class Passenger
Member # 714

posted 04-07-2006 10:54 PM      Profile for mrblanche   Email mrblanche   Send New Private Message      Edit/Delete Post  Reply With Quote 
Just a minor point, again:

"Inflammable" and "flammable" mean the same thing. The correct term is "nonflammable." This used to cause a lot of confusion, so the term "inflammable" is considered pretty much obsolete, and not allowed in most official papers.

Dictionary

[ 04-07-2006: Message edited by: mrblanche ]


Posts: 308 | From: Cedar Hill, TX | Registered: Aug 99  |  IP: Logged
Ernst
First Class Passenger
Member # 5369

posted 04-07-2006 11:06 PM      Profile for Ernst   Author's Homepage   Email Ernst   Send New Private Message      Edit/Delete Post  Reply With Quote 
ANSI

I am not familiar with U.S. regulations or with the regulations applicable on ships (I only had to deal with this topic when working in Europe - not (yet) in the U.S.) - maybe someone can give us some more detailed informations.


Posts: 9746 | From: Eindhoven | Registered: Jan 2005  |  IP: Logged
aggablinky
First Class Passenger
Member # 6402

posted 04-08-2006 01:12 AM      Profile for aggablinky   Email aggablinky   Send New Private Message      Edit/Delete Post  Reply With Quote 
Does anybody know how long its expected to take before the Star Princess is repaired?
Posts: 55 | From: hobart | Registered: Apr 2006  |  IP: Logged
Deck 9 001
First Class Passenger
Member # 1716

posted 04-08-2006 02:00 AM      Profile for Deck 9 001     Send New Private Message      Edit/Delete Post  Reply With Quote 
Welcome aboard Cruise Talk aggablinky!

According to Princess' web site

"The ship will be back in service for its first Europe cruise, which will depart from Copenhagen on May 15."

Of course in cases where major damage must be repaired, the timeline can change.
I am sure Princess will post updates.

Mike


Posts: 939 | From: Taipei, Taiwan (originally New York) | Registered: Dec 2000  |  IP: Logged
sunviking82
First Class Passenger
Member # 4930

posted 04-08-2006 07:47 PM      Profile for sunviking82     Send New Private Message      Edit/Delete Post  Reply With Quote 
While I don't like people looking down on me, the glass faced balacies are much nicer then the "holes" cut in the side of the ship. I love just laying out on my balcony and looking though the glass and watching the world go by. . AWWW
Posts: 383 | From: Minneapolis Minnesota , USA | Registered: Aug 2004  |  IP: Logged

All times are ET (US)
This topic is comprised of pages:  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9  10 
 

Post New Topic  Post A Reply Close Topic    Move Topic    Delete Topic next oldest topic   next newest topic
Hop To:

Contact Us | CruisePage

Infopop Corporation
Ultimate Bulletin BoardTM 6.1.0.3

VACATION & CRUISE SPECIALS
Check out these great deals from CruisePage.com

Royal Caribbean - Bahamas Getaway from $129 per person
Description: Experience the beautiful ports of Nassau and Royal Caribbean's private island - CocoCay on a 3-night Weekend Getaway to the Bahamas. Absorb everything island life has to offer as you snorkel with the stingrays, parasail above the serene blue waters and walk the endless white sand beaches. From Miami.
Carnival - 4-Day Bahamas from $229 per person
Description: Enjoy a wonderful 3 Day cruise to the fun-loving playground of Nassau, Bahamas. Discover Nassau, the capital city as well as the cultural, commercial and financial heart of the Bahamas. Meet the Atlantic Southern Stingrays, the guardians of Blackbeard's treasure.
NCL - Bermuda - 7 Day from $499 per person
Description: What a charming little chain of islands. Walk on pink sand beaches. Swim and snorkel in turquoise seas. Take in the historical sights. They're stoically British and very quaint. Or explore the coral reefs. You can get to them by boat or propelled by fins. You pick. Freestyle Cruising doesn't tell you where to go or what to do. Sure, you can plan ahead, or decide once onboard. After all, it's your vacation. There are no deadlines or must do's.
Holland America - Eastern Caribbean from From $599 per person
Description: White sand, black sand, talcum soft or shell strewn, the beaches of the Eastern Caribbean invite you to swim, snorkel or simply relax. For shoppers, there's duty-free St. Thomas, the Straw Market in Nassau, French perfume and Dutch chocolates on St. Maarten. For history buffs, the fascinating fusion of Caribbean, Latin and European cultures. For everyone, a day spent on HAL's award winning private island Half Moon Cay.
Celebrity - 7-Night Western Mediterranean from $549 per person
Description: For centuries people have traveled to Europe to see magnificent ruins, art treasures and natural wonders. And the best way to do so is by cruise ship. Think of it - you pack and unpack only once. No wasted time searching for hotels and negotiating train stations. Instead, you arrive at romantic ports of call relaxed, refreshed and ready to take on the world.
Holland America - Alaska from From $499 per person
Description: Sail between Vancouver and Seward, departing Sundays on the ms Statendam or ms Volendam and enjoy towering mountains, actively calving glaciers and pristine wildlife habitat. Glacier Bay and College Fjord offer two completely different glacier-viewing experiences.

| Home | About Us | Suggest-a-Site | Feedback | Contact Us | Privacy |
This page, and all contents, are © 1995-2021 by Interactive Travel Guides, Inc. and/or its suppliers. All rights reserved.
TravelPage.com is a trademark of Interactive Travel Guides, Inc.
Powered by TravelServer Software