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» Cruise Talk   » Ocean Liners and Classic Cruise Ships   » Classic Liners and Pollution

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Author Topic: Classic Liners and Pollution
Namlit
First Class Passenger
Member # 1940

posted 07-31-2002 12:48 PM      Profile for Namlit     Send New Private Message      Edit/Delete Post  Reply With Quote 
I'm a huge fan of the older ships, and have had the pleasure to sail on both the SS Norway and the SS Badger in the past six months. Both voyages were experiences I won't soon forget, especially because of the many "vintage" aspects of both ships. They were wonderful!

One troubling thing I noticed on both ships was the amount of soot they both spewed into the air, and in the case of the Badger, the water. I have photos of the Norway leaving Miami behind obscured in a dense layer of smog that emanates from the ship. Similar photos I took on the badger show a thick, sooty cloud stretching from the ship to the horizon of lake Michigan. I also noticed a steady stream of dark gray slurry being pumped out the side of the Badger… I assume this was a coal-ash disposal system.

I’m curious about just how badly these otherwise wonderful vintage ships pollute our environment. In researching the Norway, I learned that she burns as much fuel oil as the rest of Norwegian’s fleet combined. I’m not sure that I can justify this kind of wastefulness and pollution with my strong pro-environmental leanings. Any thoughts on this matter from my fellow classic ship-lovers?


Posts: 309 | From: Greene County, Indiana, USA | Registered: Apr 2001  |  IP: Logged
moodus2
First Class Passenger
Member # 2414

posted 07-31-2002 09:02 PM      Profile for moodus2   Email moodus2   Send New Private Message      Edit/Delete Post  Reply With Quote 
since there are few oil or coal
fired boilers that produce steam
for ships i would not be of
concern.
if either fuel is used a light
brown smoke should be coming
from the ships stack while
under way. a black smoke indicates to much fuel or not
enough air to the boiler or
change in demand for steam ie.
slowing or speeding up engines.
bunker c fuel oil is heavy like
honey.is not used much in big diesels. has to be heated to
200 deg.f . coal and bunker c
can have low sulfer content
depending where it is mined.
the u.s.a. has the worlds largest supply of coal.
if people are so concerned about
air pollution they should park
their cars, disconnect the power
to their house. if you want to
see air pollution go to china.
thy burn nothing but coal.

Posts: 473 | From: moodus,ct. | Registered: Sep 2001  |  IP: Logged
norman warren
First Class Passenger
Member # 1602

posted 07-31-2002 09:48 PM      Profile for norman warren   Email norman warren   Send New Private Message      Edit/Delete Post  Reply With Quote 
large diesel engines burn I.F.O. 380 fuel. Similar to bunker C it is heated to 110 degrees to transfer from tank to tank is heated to 250 degrees appx. before being injected into engine cylinder. This fuel is also used in the aux boiler of a motorship. (Steam is used to heat the oil and for hotel needs .Ship with medium speed engines (most moderen cruise ships also burn I.F.O 380. Proper operation and maintenance will permit smoke free operation.BTW Never heard much complaints when the railroads used steam engines making a lot more smoke than the ships.
Posts: 117 | From: suffolk va. u.s.a. | Registered: Sep 2000  |  IP: Logged
Aussie1
First Class Passenger
Member # 25

posted 08-01-2002 01:42 AM      Profile for Aussie1   Email Aussie1   Send New Private Message      Edit/Delete Post  Reply With Quote 
Moodus2 is right, the small amount of soot and smoke emmitted by a handful of ships is nothing compared to the pollution being spewed out by thousands of industrial stacks in places like China. In the West most industrial stacks have some kind of pollution control, this isn't common in China. The last time I sailed on a steamship was P&O's Canberra in 1997 and there was no soot to be found, yet a few years earlier on Carnival's old Mardi Gras you could have had a soot party on her after decks.
Posts: 493 | From: Sydney,NSW, Australia | Registered: Sep 99  |  IP: Logged
moodus2
First Class Passenger
Member # 2414

posted 08-01-2002 07:13 AM      Profile for moodus2   Email moodus2   Send New Private Message      Edit/Delete Post  Reply With Quote 
i have read articles where new
technology have developed a spray nozzle for pulverized coal
to be sprayed into the furnace
like oil.
with the use of low sulfer coal
perhaps this will bring back the
steamship and steam turbines.
the u.s. has plenty of coal
which could be used for the
propulsion of ships.
you would not have men shovel
coal as in the old days but
operate equipment that would
pulverize the coal before it
is sprayed through a nozzle.
emmisions would be controlled
by devices that would take
particles out of the air.
scrubbers wouldbe installed.

Posts: 473 | From: moodus,ct. | Registered: Sep 2001  |  IP: Logged
Baker
First Class Passenger
Member # 1311

posted 08-01-2002 07:47 AM      Profile for Baker   Email Baker   Send New Private Message      Edit/Delete Post  Reply With Quote 
Here's a picture of Cunards good old "Carinthia" now "Fair Princess" in 1997 leaving Melbourne on a cruise. Nothing like the smell of oil and smoke ... B

[ 08-01-2002: Message edited by: joe at travelpage ]


Posts: 221 | From: Rosebud, by the Bay.Victoria, Australia | Registered: May 2000  |  IP: Logged
PamM
First Class Passenger
Member # 2127

posted 08-01-2002 07:26 PM      Profile for PamM   Author's Homepage     Send New Private Message      Edit/Delete Post  Reply With Quote 
quote:
Originally posted by Baker:
Here's a picture of Cunards good old "Carinthia" now "Fair Princess" in 1997 leaving Melbourne on a cruise. Nothing like the smell of oil and smoke ...

Almost a 'Where's the ship?' situation.
Pam


Posts: 12176 | From: Cambridge, UK | Registered: Jun 2001  |  IP: Logged
cruiseny
First Class Passenger
Member # 2928

posted 08-01-2002 08:03 PM      Profile for cruiseny     Send New Private Message      Edit/Delete Post  Reply With Quote 
Hello,

The dumping of oil, waste, etc. off the new ships of companies like RCCL is far worse for the environment than some smoke.

I for one find the former very appalling but I do not put RCCL beyond such things...

Happy Cruising,
Cruiseny


Posts: 4730 | From: New York, USA | Registered: Mar 2002  |  IP: Logged
norman warren
First Class Passenger
Member # 1602

posted 08-01-2002 08:28 PM      Profile for norman warren   Email norman warren   Send New Private Message      Edit/Delete Post  Reply With Quote 
R.E. pulverized coal. Ash disposal would pose a problem, turbines are not efficent at less than 80%of full speed.most cruise ships rarley operate at over 80% of their full speed. Pulverized coal boiler would be hard to totally automate for unmanned at night operation. this idea came up in 1973 when gas and oil prices went through the roof. the plan was if oil supply was cut off by the mid east, a 10,000 ton freighter would be cheaper to operate with coal and uniflow engines (Per S.S. Badger but single screw). than slow speed diesel.
Posts: 117 | From: suffolk va. u.s.a. | Registered: Sep 2000  |  IP: Logged
empressport
First Class Passenger
Member # 2511

posted 08-01-2002 11:00 PM      Profile for empressport     Send New Private Message      Edit/Delete Post  Reply With Quote 
Better off worrying about American's appetites for driving millions of gas guzzling SUV's, rather than the few classic steamships still remaining
Posts: 464 | From: Vancouver, BC | Registered: Oct 2001  |  IP: Logged
cruiseny
First Class Passenger
Member # 2928

posted 08-01-2002 11:08 PM      Profile for cruiseny     Send New Private Message      Edit/Delete Post  Reply With Quote 
quote:
Originally posted by empressport:
Better off worrying about American's appetites for driving millions of gas guzzling SUV's, rather than the few classic steamships still remaining

I agree.

Happy Cruising,
Cruiseny


Posts: 4730 | From: New York, USA | Registered: Mar 2002  |  IP: Logged
moodus2
First Class Passenger
Member # 2414

posted 08-02-2002 08:00 AM      Profile for moodus2   Email moodus2   Send New Private Message      Edit/Delete Post  Reply With Quote 
reply to norman: turbines are
efficient at 80% and above.

i have read in a book about the
history of the indy and cony
that speed of the turbines can
be regulated either by throttling the steam supply or
setting the number of steam nozzles to the turbine blades
to set the speed of the turbines.
my question is why does the turbines have to be operating
at a minimum of 80% to be efficient ?
while on the ss independence
the chief engineer said they
only required the use of 3
boilers to operate the turbines
and auxilairy equipment and
acheive a speed of 15 knots.


Posts: 473 | From: moodus,ct. | Registered: Sep 2001  |  IP: Logged
Namlit
First Class Passenger
Member # 1940

posted 08-02-2002 08:14 AM      Profile for Namlit     Send New Private Message      Edit/Delete Post  Reply With Quote 
Points well taken about the horrible pollution in countries like China, and our American penchant for wasteful SUVs. Personally, I like to do everything I can to protect the environment. I drive a car that averages 40 mpg, recycle, and hang my clothes outside on a line to dry, for example. My feeling is that, if we want the planet to be around and enjoyable for our children and grandchildren, everyone ought to take whatever steps they can to protect the environment. It is only by fostering this attitude, by believing in it and modeling it, that we have any hope of eventually bringing pollution world-wide under control.

The dilemma I’m wrestling with is whether I can really allow myself to continue enjoying these classic ships in good conscience. I wish there was some way to make them cleaner! I found Moodus2’s description of the light brown smoke to be especially interesting. I think the Norway’s smoke was this color most of the time. SS Badger’s smoke was heavy and black throughout the voyages we took.

Then there’s the issue of fuel consumption. If the Norway really does use as much fuel in a week’s cruise as the rest of Norwegian’s fleet combined, that is probably as good an argument as any for retiring her.

I love these old ships, but
global warming is for real, folks!


Posts: 309 | From: Greene County, Indiana, USA | Registered: Apr 2001  |  IP: Logged
moodus2
First Class Passenger
Member # 2414

posted 08-02-2002 11:24 AM      Profile for moodus2   Email moodus2   Send New Private Message      Edit/Delete Post  Reply With Quote 
so why should americans pay the
price for countries like china
who raise their noses about global warming and burn what fuel they like?
maybe we like to buy cheap goods
from foreign countries that
pollute in name of profits to
american corporations who import
these goods.
to make these products here in
the good old u.s.a. the corporations would have to spend
more money for american labor
and meet stricter emissions
regulations.
are you willing to pay more for
clean air and american labor?
that is why you have foreign
built ships flying foreign flags
,employing foreign people.
would you be willing to pay
$1500 per person verses $500
to have american cruise ships
verses foreign?
so much for patriotism!
when it comes to our pocketbooks
we americans know where we stand
or do we?

Posts: 473 | From: moodus,ct. | Registered: Sep 2001  |  IP: Logged
norman warren
First Class Passenger
Member # 1602

posted 08-03-2002 07:44 AM      Profile for norman warren   Email norman warren   Send New Private Message      Edit/Delete Post  Reply With Quote 
to Modus: When a Steam turbine is running at 80% speed or higher steam can be "bled off" from various stages of the H.P. turbine. So much steam passes through the turbine that you can "bleed off" steam without affecting turbine speed. the steam that is "bled off" can be used for: fuel oil heating, evaporater heating, first stage feed heater steam supply, hot water heating,heat for rooms in winter, purifier heaters and other low pressure steam requirments. if turbines are running too slow to provide this steam,than "Live" steam from a regulator supplied by the boiler is used.(As when in port) when live steam is used, boiler requires more fuel, and you loose the "Free " steam from the turbine bleeds.
Posts: 117 | From: suffolk va. u.s.a. | Registered: Sep 2000  |  IP: Logged
Cambodge
First Class Passenger
Member # 906

posted 08-03-2002 10:54 AM      Profile for Cambodge   Email Cambodge   Send New Private Message      Edit/Delete Post  Reply With Quote 
About 10-15 years ago, when I was active in such matters, I gave a paper on the use of Coal-oil-slurry as a combustion fuel for a new generation of clean-burning coal-fired steam locomotives.

I was aboard a relatively new powdered-coal fired steamship, the "Energy Independence" which was in service hauling, of all things, coal between Baltimore and New England. I visited this ship and talked to the engineers, in the context of the coal-slurry-fired locomotive project. The problems in maritime use of pulverized coal are real.

The plume from the stacks was as clean as baby's breath, but there was a fine coal powder all over the engine room.

Our concept for the locomotive was to use clean pulverized coal combined with oil in a coal-oil liquid in a manner similar to its use on oil-fired steam locomotives. Our testbed was to be a "QJ-type" locomotive, newly made in China.

The concept failed to get support and funding, and, now retired, I do not know what is the status of the technology.


Posts: 2149 | From: St. Michaels MD USA , the town that fooled the British! | Registered: Nov 1999  |  IP: Logged
gohaze
First Class Passenger
Member # 586

posted 08-03-2002 12:35 PM      Profile for gohaze   Email gohaze   Send New Private Message      Edit/Delete Post  Reply With Quote 
There was a couple of large bulk carriers built for the coal trade from Aus to Japan that were designed to use the powdered coal fuel. Haven't heard anything about them for a while.
...peter

Posts: 1909 | From: Vancouver.BC | Registered: Sep 99  |  IP: Logged
Namlit
First Class Passenger
Member # 1940

posted 08-03-2002 02:22 PM      Profile for Namlit     Send New Private Message      Edit/Delete Post  Reply With Quote 
quote:
so why should americans pay the
price for countries like china
who raise their noses about global warming and burn what fuel they like?

…because the earth is slowly dying. Many countries, notably some in western Europe, are way ahead of the USA in curbing their greenhouse gas emissions. We in the US could join them in leading the world out of its current self-destructive reliance on power sources that harm our environment… we are economically in a position to do so. We are also a country whose attitudes and popular culture are often emulated by China, India, and other heavily polluted (and polluting) countries. If there is to be any hope of these countries beginning to clean up their acts, the US and western Europe must lead the way.

The more I think about this, the more I realize that for someone like me to be an environmental advocate and to take a cruise on a ship like the Norway would be as hypocritical as if I were to begin driving a Ford Expedition (or other SUV behemoth). This makes me sad, because I love the classic ships.

I wonder if there would be any economical way to make a ship like the Norway run more efficiently? I imagine probably not by much, due to her hull design and the age of her engines. It's really a shame...


Posts: 309 | From: Greene County, Indiana, USA | Registered: Apr 2001  |  IP: Logged
PamM
First Class Passenger
Member # 2127

posted 08-03-2002 03:32 PM      Profile for PamM   Author's Homepage     Send New Private Message      Edit/Delete Post  Reply With Quote 
quote:
Originally posted by Namlit:

…because the earth is slowly dying. Many countries, notably some in western Europe, are way ahead of the USA in curbing their greenhouse gas emissions.


The USA in fact comes pretty far down the list, but the UK is nearly twice as far down The Scandanavian countries & Canada are the top leaders in this, perhaps we should take some lessons.

If the Western World didn't rely on China so much for their cheap goods, and were prepared to pay more, or produce their own goods and build and maintain their own heavy plant then perhaps China wouldn't be as bad as it is. But they are not bottom!

Pam


Posts: 12176 | From: Cambridge, UK | Registered: Jun 2001  |  IP: Logged
Malcolm @ cruisepage
Cruise Director
Member # 301

posted 08-03-2002 07:15 PM      Profile for Malcolm @ cruisepage     Send New Private Message      Edit/Delete Post  Reply With Quote 
quote:
Originally posted by Namlit:
I’m curious about just how badly these otherwise wonderful vintage ships pollute our environment.

I think empressport is right. 2000 people in cars on there way to work, or driving on vacation, create many times more the pollution level than one SS Norway does, carrying 2000 people!

Each year older ships die and newer/cleaner ships are born. I think the cruise ship industy is making some good environmental progress, although it's not perfect.


Posts: 19210 | From: Essex (Just Outside London) | Registered: A Long Time Ago!  |  IP: Logged

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