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» Cruise Talk   » Cruise Ships   » IS SHEER NO LONGER NECESSARY

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Author Topic: IS SHEER NO LONGER NECESSARY
Rex
First Class Passenger
Member # 1113

posted 10-20-2000 01:32 PM      Profile for Rex     Send New Private Message      Edit/Delete Post  Reply With Quote 
All the "purists" here have talked about how much sheer made the old liners look better and make them better sea boats (it supposedly helped reduce pitching?) than the new fleet.

But I was wondering if it is necessary anymore, since 1) most passenger ships sail in calm waters, where pitching is at a minimum or 2) the bulbous bows and bow thrusters reduce/eliminate pitching. I love ships, but my knowledge of their mechanicals is a bit lacking...who can answer this?

And will this QM2 Project have any sheer?

[This message has been edited by Rex (edited 10-20-2000).]


Posts: 1413 | From: Philadelphia PA, USA | Registered: Feb 2000  |  IP: Logged
Terry
First Class Passenger
Member # 448

posted 10-20-2000 06:49 PM      Profile for Terry   Email Terry   Send New Private Message      Edit/Delete Post  Reply With Quote 
Rex,

As far as I know, Sheer disappeared around the late fifities, early sixties. Certainly on passenger ships. I think the upsweep on the bows given by sheer on say the NORMANDIE certainly improves the impressiveness of the vessel.

Sheer would be very awkward in modern ships which are fitted with standard modules and need constant dimensions.

Terry Donegan


Posts: 391 | From: Brandon, Norfolk, UK | Registered: Aug 99  |  IP: Logged
gohaze
First Class Passenger
Member # 586

posted 10-20-2000 10:17 PM      Profile for gohaze   Email gohaze   Send New Private Message      Edit/Delete Post  Reply With Quote 
Hi...sheer, which is the rise fore and aft, and camber which is the rise thwartships, are both designed for strength. For'd the increase in height from the waterline does help, but then so do raised fo'c'sles. The third curve, if you like, was tumblehome where the hull was wider at the waterline than it was at the deck level.

With today's materials and designs there is no advantage in having them or incurring the increased costs.
...peter


Posts: 1909 | From: Vancouver.BC | Registered: Sep 99  |  IP: Logged
Barryboat
First Class Passenger
Member # 33

posted 10-20-2000 11:12 PM      Profile for Barryboat   Author's Homepage   Email Barryboat   Send New Private Message      Edit/Delete Post  Reply With Quote 
From what I heard, QM2 will have sheer. That's what some of the delay is from, because shipyards just don't build ships like that anymore. It takes true craftsmanship to build a ship with sheer, not that ships today are not built with craftsmanship....it's just that ships today are built mostly by computers which cut and bend the steel with the most efficient hydrodynamics in mind. To be the most efficient economically, the ships must use every square-foot possible to generate revenue, which is why the squared, boxy ship designs have been so popular. They're good seaboats, and very efficient hydrodynamically and economically, but they may not have the look that is as appealing as the ships of the past which were designed like huge sculptures.
Posts: 1851 | From: Bloomington, Minnesota (Home to the Mall of America) | Registered: Mar 99  |  IP: Logged
Rex
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Member # 1113

posted 10-23-2000 11:28 AM      Profile for Rex     Send New Private Message      Edit/Delete Post  Reply With Quote 
quote:
Originally posted by Barryboat:
From what I heard, QM2 will have sheer. That's what some of the delay is from, because shipyards just don't build ships like that anymore. It takes true craftsmanship to build a ship with sheer, not that ships today are not built with craftsmanship....it's just that ships today are built mostly by computers which cut and bend the steel with the most efficient hydrodynamics in mind. To be the most efficient economically, the ships must use every square-foot possible to generate revenue, which is why the squared, boxy ship designs have been so popular. They're good seaboats, and very efficient hydrodynamically and economically, but they may not have the look that is as appealing as the ships of the past which were designed like huge sculptures.


Barryboat...

I have read many times on this site that modern cruise ships are not good seaboats, due to their shallow drafts, short bows and overpowering superstructures. I remember the VIKING SERENADE was the perfect example of this. Why do you think they are good seaboats. I am not razzing you, but you are so knowledgeable about ship design, I want to know what you think...


Posts: 1413 | From: Philadelphia PA, USA | Registered: Feb 2000  |  IP: Logged
Barryboat
First Class Passenger
Member # 33

posted 10-23-2000 04:10 PM      Profile for Barryboat   Author's Homepage   Email Barryboat   Send New Private Message      Edit/Delete Post  Reply With Quote 
Rex, The Viking Serenade is indeed a good example. I nearly got into trouble with my superiors, while working aboard the Song of America in 1989, because I mentioned, to a District Sales Rep who had a group of travel agents aboard, that I thought the Viking Serenade looked like a shoebox. I was called into the Cruise Director's office, because that DSM turned me in for saying negative things about an RCCL ship. (You have to remember that the Viking Serenade was originally a car ferry).

I have visited the Viking Serenade pre-RCCL and after RCCL did their BIG refit. Did you know that after RCCL bought the ship, they cut off the original bow and added more of a clipper bow?

I think that most of the new cruise ships built today are good seaboats for what they are used for....shuttling passengers around in a big circle in fairly tame waters. They wouldn't hold up for long, however if they were on a regular trans-Atlantic intinerary. On most of the modern cruise ships, the draft is too shallow, the superstructure is too high, the bow is too short and stubby, the bulbous bows are too big...but we haven't had too many cruise ships today tip over, so the designers must be doing something right. These modern cruise ships, I feel are designed to the limits (mathematically) to be stable, but the priority is to be the most economical in design, rather than building into the hull over-the-top stability, which many of the liners use to have. I think one reason why we are seeing cruise lines build such enormous ships, is for economics, but also because they are more comfortable as far as stability.

There is a lot that goes into a vessel which makes it a good seaboat...more than just great stability...for example, hydrodynamic efficiency, (fuel efficiency) speed, does the ship react well to the wind, the safety equipment onboard, fire safety, low vibrations, low noise, hull breach safety, ventilation, maneuverability, lower maintenance requirements, and finally, how well does the ship react to different sea conditions. Most cruise ships today would pass with flying colors.

I think that the sheer that was built into the ships years ago was mostly because the shipbuilders didn't have the technology we have today to make ships strong, without sheer. I don't think it's the sheer that make a ship more stable rather, it is the level of buoyancy built into the hull. I would like to see ships built which were wider, and had the slightly deeper draft, but I think the shipbuilders would disagree with me in that it would make the ship less economical as a whole.


Posts: 1851 | From: Bloomington, Minnesota (Home to the Mall of America) | Registered: Mar 99  |  IP: Logged
Rex
First Class Passenger
Member # 1113

posted 10-23-2000 07:26 PM      Profile for Rex     Send New Private Message      Edit/Delete Post  Reply With Quote 
Thanks, Barryboat. What a bunch of a**holes cruise line execs can be. The VIKING SERENADE doesn't just LOOK like a shoebox, she IS a bleeding shoebox. I remember seeing her right before her conversion, and did make note of the new bow afterwards. RCCL did a credible job of rebuilding her, though the cabins are way too small and the public rooms are way too gaudy. I can't believe they called you on the carpet for THAT! My God...

I would like to see a return to a more traditional profile, with concessions to modernity, I think it can be done.

Size, at least to me, also seems to be a factor. Small to midsized ships tend to be better-looking in my eye. You can argue that the CROWN DYNASTY has a profile similar to several of the megaships, but looks inherently more graceful.

Also, I am afraid that if we ever went to war, today's cruiseships limited designs would make them useless as troopers...


Posts: 1413 | From: Philadelphia PA, USA | Registered: Feb 2000  |  IP: Logged
gohaze
First Class Passenger
Member # 586

posted 10-23-2000 07:27 PM      Profile for gohaze   Email gohaze   Send New Private Message      Edit/Delete Post  Reply With Quote 
Barryboat...interesting, but you've missed the biggest criteria in the modern cruiseship..Panamax. You can't put anymore beam on them than the canal will allow. The max draught is what you can use in the Island ports. You only have to look at the evolution of the Princess vessels. Star Princess, beam 105.6' Crown Princess, beam 105.8' - they put an extra deck on. Sun Princess, beam 105.8 - yet another deck. Grand Princess, beam 118.1' the max in the canal is 110' so once you exceed that you might as well do it in a big way.
All these had a 26' draught.

As for the old liners and stability, as I've mentioned before, they were very stable when departing with full bunkers, fresh water and stores [consumables] but were pretty marginal on arrival. Just think of the very large spaces in the bottom given over to coal bunkers and fresh water tanks [they didn't make potable FW on board] and this was determined by the daily consumption and number of days to the next bunker port. The advent of fuel oil helped but no engineer liked having to put salt water ballast in a fuel tank when it was emptied.
The Viking Serenade's bow was changed when she was converted from a car ferry and didn't need the bow doors any more.
...peter


Posts: 1909 | From: Vancouver.BC | Registered: Sep 99  |  IP: Logged
jmperry1
First Class Passenger
Member # 1462

posted 10-23-2000 07:48 PM      Profile for jmperry1   Email jmperry1   Send New Private Message      Edit/Delete Post  Reply With Quote 
Rex:

One of the things we can all be thankful for is that in the modern world there is no need for troopships. Think of the Persian Gulf, it was all done by air.

A war much bigger probably wouldn't need soldiers at all as they'd just annihilate everyone with the big stuff.

James


Posts: 71 | From: Oakland CA USA | Registered: Jul 2000  |  IP: Logged
Barryboat
First Class Passenger
Member # 33

posted 10-23-2000 10:55 PM      Profile for Barryboat   Author's Homepage   Email Barryboat   Send New Private Message      Edit/Delete Post  Reply With Quote 
Peter...I hate to break it to you, but the Viking Serenade never had Bow doors, the vehicles entered through a huge door aft.

Regarding my comment on a wider beam and a deeper draft....I was actually thinking of slightly smaller vessels that had the maximum panamax beam. I'd like to see smaller ships built with deeper drafts and wider beams compared to the ratio on the larger ships. So for example, a ship the size of the Pacific Princess has a length of 553.6 feet and a beam of 80.8 feet, and a draft of 25.2 feet. This is a nice size for a ship, but I'd like to see a ship like this with a draft of 26 feet and a beam of 102 feet, then perhaps stretched out to 600 feet in length. I didn't mean to build more mega ships with 150 foot beams.


Posts: 1851 | From: Bloomington, Minnesota (Home to the Mall of America) | Registered: Mar 99  |  IP: Logged
gohaze
First Class Passenger
Member # 586

posted 10-24-2000 05:26 AM      Profile for gohaze   Email gohaze   Send New Private Message      Edit/Delete Post  Reply With Quote 
Barryboat...are you sure about that bow door. Baltic ferries had them and I vaguely remember her having one when she was the Stardancer running out of Vancouver.

The dimensions you mention...the Marco Polo is beam 77.4' length 578.4' and draught 26.8'and that is actually one of the best looking cruise ships around today, with a good well balanced profile and a real funnel. But to put another 25' on the beam would completely upset the whole design and would I'm afraid make a poor 'seaboat'. As it is she behaves very well in heavy weather - as we experienced on her in the Southern Ocean.
...peter


Posts: 1909 | From: Vancouver.BC | Registered: Sep 99  |  IP: Logged
Barryboat
First Class Passenger
Member # 33

posted 10-24-2000 05:36 PM      Profile for Barryboat   Author's Homepage   Email Barryboat   Send New Private Message      Edit/Delete Post  Reply With Quote 
Absolutely, positively the Viking Serenade (Stardancer) did NOT have doors set in the bow. I remember specifically visiting the Stardancer nearly every week while she was in Los Angeles with Admiral Cruises. I would bring friends nearly every week to have lunch onboard. Sometimes we would enter through the huge aft doors, and into the car port area. I recall walking all the way forward where there was a huge bulkhead...no access to the bow, and the bow didn't open up. There are many ferries that have a huge bow door, but Stardancer didn't. By the way this ship came out in 1982 as the Scandinavia with Scandinavia World Cruises. Scandinavia was also among the first vessels of this type to have variable pitch propellers.

Marco Polo is indeed a great looking ship. If you recall the battle ships like the Missouri or New Jersey had exceptionally wide beam for stability, which was important for a gun plateform. Those ships were very stable, and great seaboats. I'm not thinking of a newbuild with that much girth...proportionately like a battleship, but a vessel with a bit more width vs. length than the average cruise ship.


Posts: 1851 | From: Bloomington, Minnesota (Home to the Mall of America) | Registered: Mar 99  |  IP: Logged
Malcolm @ cruisepage
Cruise Director
Member # 301

posted 10-24-2000 06:53 PM      Profile for Malcolm @ cruisepage     Send New Private Message      Edit/Delete Post  Reply With Quote 
quote:
Originally posted by jmperry1:
One of the things we can all be thankful for is that in the modern world there is no need for troopships.
James

James we only have to look back to the‘Falkland Island’ crisis of 1982 to see recent examples of troop ships. Cunard's QE2 delivered troops to South Georgia, a safe port. The troops were then transported by P&O's 'Canberra' to Port Stanley - the war zone.

The British Government dare not subject a ship that bore the name of the current Sovereign, to enemy fire – the risk of losing the ship was just too much to bear.

Although the ‘Canberra’ WAS exposed to enemy fire, Admiral Lord Lewin said in a very British voice “the fact that the Canberra was
exposed did not really matter, after all she was only the capital of Australia”.

When I first heard about the QM2 concept,I started to wonder if the thinking behind the QM2 was a dual purpose cruise ship/troop carrier? However, I suppose this can't be so, as British Government money is NOT involved. Yet such a ship can still be requisitioned in times of war.


Posts: 19210 | From: Essex (Just Outside London) | Registered: A Long Time Ago!  |  IP: Logged
RICHARD CHUDY
First Class Passenger
Member # 1323

posted 10-24-2000 06:54 PM      Profile for RICHARD CHUDY   Email RICHARD CHUDY   Send New Private Message      Edit/Delete Post  Reply With Quote 
Peter,
I have driven my car on the Stardancer, through large doors on the back. There was a ramp towards the bow to turn one's car around when it was time to drive off. No bow doors.
Richard

Posts: 195 | From: Singal Hill, CA 90755 In sight of The Queen Mary | Registered: May 2000  |  IP: Logged
gohaze
First Class Passenger
Member # 586

posted 10-24-2000 07:04 PM      Profile for gohaze   Email gohaze   Send New Private Message      Edit/Delete Post  Reply With Quote 
Okay guys...maybe it was the Sundancer I was thinking of....peter
Posts: 1909 | From: Vancouver.BC | Registered: Sep 99  |  IP: Logged
Malcolm @ cruisepage
Cruise Director
Member # 301

posted 10-24-2000 07:05 PM      Profile for Malcolm @ cruisepage     Send New Private Message      Edit/Delete Post  Reply With Quote 
...I recently attended a lecture by Jim Hunter, P&O project manager for 'Aurora'.

He said that a modern ships super structure was very light, with all the weigh (engines, generators, fuel etc) being at the bottom of the hull, making them stable. They just looked top heavy!

Aurora was in fact designed to transport British passengers quickly from rain in Southampton , across the sometime hazardous Bay of Biscay, to the sunshine of the Mediterranean. She had already proved to be very stable in difficult sea conditions.

You can't judge a book by it's cover!


Posts: 19210 | From: Essex (Just Outside London) | Registered: A Long Time Ago!  |  IP: Logged
vulcania
First Class Passenger
Member # 822

posted 10-28-2000 11:51 AM      Profile for vulcania   Email vulcania   Send New Private Message      Edit/Delete Post  Reply With Quote 
but to return to the question posed, "is sheer no longer necessary", America's greatest naval architect George G. Sharp designed a trio of sheerless ships which debuted in 1939 for the War Department owned Panama Railroad Steamship Company, the 10,000 gross tonners PANAMA, ANCON and CRISTOBAL. Marvellous ships with many of their cabins grouped in fours around verandahs (the innovation he devised in 1931 for the first "Four Aces" and which P & O claimed as its own idea in 1960 for the CANBERRA - court cabins) the decks of these ships were flat. Sheer has not been "necessary, as proved by over 1,500 ocean-going ships built for the United States Shipping Board between 1917 and 1922. Only the "535" class (passenger and cargo) had any noticeable sheer but none of the many other types suffered for lack of it.
Posts: 182 | From: Baltimore, MD USA | Registered: Sep 99  |  IP: Logged
Rex
First Class Passenger
Member # 1113

posted 11-01-2000 05:16 PM      Profile for Rex     Send New Private Message      Edit/Delete Post  Reply With Quote 
Thanks, Vulcania...

But in Bill Miller's FIFTY FAMOUS LINERS, VOL. 2., the states that the CRISTOBAL's sheer was "artificially" eliminated, which to me sounds as if the sheer remained but Raymond Loewy, the ship's designer, eliminated it in some other way? Did I misunderstand him, maybe?

[This message has been edited by Rex (edited 11-01-2000).]


Posts: 1413 | From: Philadelphia PA, USA | Registered: Feb 2000  |  IP: Logged

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